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1. 块存储服务 （1）创建镜像和网络： [root@controller ~]# curl -O http://mirrors.douxuedu.com/newcloud/cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img [root@controller ~]# source /etc/keystone/admin-openrc.sh [root@controller ~]# glance image-create --name cirros-0.3.4 --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --progress < cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img … [root@controller ~]# openstack network create --provider-network-type vlan --provider-physical-network provider network-vlan --provider-segment 200 … [root@controller ~]# openstack subnet create --network network-vlan --allocation-pool start=192.168.200.100,end=192.168.200.200 --gateway 192.168.200.1 --subnet-range 192.168.200.0/24 subnet-vlan …（2）修改OpenStack平台 修改Nova服务配置文件，设置参数“virt_type=qemu”。命令参数如下： [root@controller ~]# crudini --set /etc/nova/nova.conf libvirt virt_type qemu [root@controller ~]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-compute（3）启动云主机： [root@controller ~]# openstack server create --image cirros-0.3.4 --flavor 2 --network network-vlan cirros-test（4）查看Cinder服务状态 使用“openstack volume service list”命令查询块存储服务状态，命令代码如下所示： [root@controller ~]# openstack volume service list +------------------+-------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+ | Binary | Host | Zone | Status | State | Updated At | +------------------+-------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+ | cinder-volume | compute@lvm | nova | enabled | up | 2022-02-10T05:21:08.000000 | | cinder-scheduler | controller | nova | enabled | up | 2022-02-10T05:21:06.000000 | +------------------+-------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+（5）创建块存储 通过使用命令“openstack volume create”创建块存储，命令格式如下： [root@controller ~]# openstack help volume create usage: openstack volume create [-h] [-f {json,shell,table,value,yaml}] [-c COLUMN] [--max-width ] [--fit-width] [--print-empty] [--noindent] [--prefix PREFIX] [--size ] [--type ] [--image | --snapshot | --source | --source-replicated ] [--description ] [--user ] [--project ] [--availability-zone ] [--consistency-group consistency-group>] [--property ] [--hint ] [--multi-attach] [--bootable | --non-bootable] [--read-only | --read-write]通过命令创建块存储，大小为2G，名称为“volume”。命令如下所示： [root@controller ~]# openstack volume create --size 2 volume +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ | attachments | [] | | availability_zone | nova | | bootable | false | | consistencygroup_id | None | | created_at | 2022-02-10T05:21:32.000000 | | description | None | | encrypted | False | | id | 67634904-65eb-471f-9ab6-79296e2494b7 | | migration_status | None | | multiattach | False | | name | volume | | properties | | | replication_status | None | | size | 2 | | snapshot_id | None | | source_volid | None | | status | creating | | type | None | | updated_at | None | | user_id | e415c8bc53884e72a7993dffbcde2a1e | +---------------------+--------------------------------------+（6）查看块存储 使用“openstack volume list”命令查看块存储列表信息。命令如下： [root@controller ~]# openstack volume list +--------------------------------------+--------+-----------+------+-------------+ | ID | Name | Status | Size | Attached to | +--------------------------------------+--------+-----------+------+-------------+ | 67634904-65eb-471f-9ab6-79296e2494b7 | volume | available | 2 | | +--------------------------------------+--------+-----------+------+-------------+通过openstack命令查看某一块存储的详细信息。命令如下： [root@controller ~]# openstack volume show volume +--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | attachments | [] | | availability_zone | nova | | bootable | false | | consistencygroup_id | None | | created_at | 2022-02-10T05:21:32.000000 | | description | None | | encrypted | False | | id | 67634904-65eb-471f-9ab6-79296e2494b7 | | migration_status | None | | multiattach | False | | name | volume | | os-vol-host-attr:host | compute@lvm#LVM | | os-vol-mig-status-attr:migstat | None | | os-vol-mig-status-attr:name_id | None | | os-vol-tenant-attr:tenant_id | 1776912d52a7444d8b2d09eb86e8d1d9 | | properties | | | replication_status | None | | size | 2 | | snapshot_id | None | | source_volid | None | | status | available | | type | None | | updated_at | 2022-02-10T05:21:33.000000 | | user_id | e415c8bc53884e72a7993dffbcde2a1e | +--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+（7）挂载云硬盘 块存储设备创建成功后，可以在OpenStack上将该设备挂载至云主机上，可以作为一块云硬盘来进行使用。给云主机添加一块磁盘。 将块存储挂载至云主机的命令为“openstack server add volume”，其命令格式为： [root@controller ~]# openstack help server add volume usage: openstack server add volume [-h] [--device ] Add volume to server positional arguments: Server (name or ID) Volume to add (name or ID)使用命令将创建的“volume”块存储添加至云主机“cirros-test”上。命令如下： [root@controller ~]# openstack server add volume cirros-test volume使用命令查看块存储的列表信息，命令代码如下所示： [root@controller ~]# openstack volume list +--------------------------------------+--------+--------+------+--------------------------------------+ | ID | Name | Status | Size | Attached to | +--------------------------------------+--------+--------+------+--------------------------------------+ | 67634904-65eb-471f-9ab6-79296e2494b7 | volume | in-use | 2 | Attached to cirros-test on /dev/vdb | +--------------------------------------+--------+--------+------+--------------------------------------+2. 扩展卷 （1）扩展卷大小 创建完卷后可能因为需求的变更，需要对已有的卷进行扩容操作，这时需要用到“openstack volume set”命令修改卷的信息。命令格式如下： [root@controller ~]# openstack help volume set usage: openstack volume set [-h] [--name ] [--size ] [--description ] [--no-property] [--property ] [--image-property ] [--state ] [--type ] [--retype-policy ] [--bootable | --non-bootable] [--read-only | --read-write]分离卷，通过命令将“volume”卷大小从2G扩容至3G，使用–size参数可修改已创建好的卷大小。命令操作如下所示： [root@controller ~]# openstack server remove volume cirros-test volume [root@controller ~]# openstack volume set --size 3 volume [root@controller ~]# openstack volume list +--------------------------------------+--------+-----------+------+-------------+ | ID | Name | Status | Size | Attached to | +--------------------------------------+--------+-----------+------+-------------+ | 67634904-65eb-471f-9ab6-79296e2494b7 | volume | available | 3 | | +--------------------------------------+--------+-----------+------+-------------+（2）验证卷大小 将扩容后的卷“volume”挂载至云主机“cirros-test”上，操作命令如下所示： [root@controller ~]# openstack server add volume cirros-test volume [root@controller ~]# openstack volume list +--------------------------------------+--------+--------+------+--------------------------------------+ | ID | Name | Status | Size | Attached to | +--------------------------------------+--------+--------+------+--------------------------------------+ | 67634904-65eb-471f-9ab6-79296e2494b7 | volume | in-use | 3 | Attached to cirros-test on /dev/vdb | +--------------------------------------+--------+--------+------+--------------------------------------+可以看到卷“volume”挂载至云主机“cirros-test”上盘符的名称为/dev/vdb，使用virsh工具登录云主机，输入命令“lsblk”查看云硬盘大小是否为3G。命令操作如下所示： [root@controller ~]# virsh list --all Id Name State ---------------------------------------------------- 1 instance-00000001 running [root@controller ~]# virsh console instance-00000001 Connected to domain instance-00000001 Escape character is ^] #按Enter键 即可看到登录信息，输入对应的登录信息登录。 login as 'cirros' user. default password: 'cubswin:)'. use 'sudo' for root. cirros-test login: cirros Password: $ lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT vda 253:0 0 20G 0 disk `-vda1 253:1 0 20G 0 part / vdb 253:16 0 3G 0 disk可以看到显示盘符“vdb”大小为3G。此时云硬盘已经扩展完成。 |
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